STEM CELLS: THEIR USE IN FUNDAMENTAL CELL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE BIOLOGY OF THE OLFACTORY ENSHEATHING CELLS IN VIVO AND IN VITRO Tsymbalyuk V.I., Semenova V.M., Medvedev V.V. Institute of neurosurgery named after acad. A.P. Romodanov of AMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, alla@neuro.kiev.ua      The issue considers modern conceptions of mammalian olfactory ensheathing cells (OEC) properties. Taking into consideration the important role of this cell's type in ensuring of axons growth and the aim to restore spinal cord conduction after traumatic injury, new data of cultural properties and molecular mechanisms of OEC proliferation, axonal growth and myelinization with the help of these cells were analyzed. STEM CELLS OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES: REGULATION OF PROLIFERATION AND DIRECTIONAL DIFFERENTIATION PROCESSES IN VITRO. CRYOPRESERVATION N.A. Odintsova, K.V. Yakovlev, V. A. Dyachuk, A.V. Boroda. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology of Far East Branch of RAS, Vladivostok, Russia      Marine invertebrates are an attractive object for biotechnological studies because of their ability to produce a wide spectrum of biologically active substances. Embryonic cell cultures of marine invertebrates are model cell systems with a high level of all physiological and synthetic processes, although investigations of specialization mechanisms of marine invertebrate cells are limited by the lack of long-term cell cultures of these animals. The major objective of our study is to develop the technology of stem cell induction in vitro in functionally active well-defined cell type and, in addition, to search optimal cryoprotectants and new cryotechnology for sea animals taking into account the integrity of their cell membranes. Specific fatty acid composition of sea hydrobiont cell membranes, in which unsaturated fatty acids prevail, requires new cryoprotectants in principle. Our results may be used in marine biotechnology, cell biology and cryobiology for applied problem connected with the development of cell cultures that will be used for the in vitro production of bioactive products from marine invertebrates and mineral structures essential for nanobiothechnology. REPLACEMENT OF MDX MICE MUTANT BONE MARROW CELLS BY "WILD" TYPE OF BONE MARROW STEM CELLS STIMULATES DIFFERENTIATION OF STRIATED MUSCLE FIBERS Mikhailov V. M., Sokolova A. V., Zenin V.V., Kuzovatov S.N., Kaminskaya E. V. Institute of Cytology RAS, St.Petersburg, vmikhailov@mail.cytspb.rssi.ru      Via 2 months after X-ray radiation in dose 5 Gr a replacement of mdx mice bone marrow cells by "wild" type of GFP-expressed C57Bl/6 bone marrow stem cells occur. The part of GFP(+) cells between bone marrow cells was 71.1±4.0%. GFP(+) cells was also observed in the liver, kidney, heart, thyroid gland, brain and another tissue cells except epithelium of skin and intestine. The part of dystrophin positive striated muscle fibers (SMF) was negligible. At the same time there is significant accumulation of GFP(+) cells between SMF. SMF were also characterized by high level of SMF without central nuclear, up to 46%. There is also low level of dead SMF, up to 0.8%. Results allow to conclude that cell therapy of mdx mice striated muscle with wild type of bone marrow cells stimulates a differentiation of SMF and decrease SMF death level. The experiments were supported by RFBR, grant № 06-04-08388. CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND TISSUE ENGINEERING THE INVESTIGATION OF THE OPPORTUNITY OF RAT BONE MARROW STROMAL CELLS TO DIFFERENTIATE IN CARDYOMYOGENIC DIRECTION IN VITRO Vilkova Y., Bovina G., Alexandrova S., Nikolaenko N., Pinaev G. Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Science, SPb      Successful preliminary experiments over the usage of stem sells of different origin in the cellular therapy, spent all over the world, caused the necessity of studying mechanisms of participation of stem sells in the tissue regeneration. In Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science the researches connected with studying of ability of rat bone marrow stromal cells to differentiate in cardyomyogenic direction are held. The influence of 5'-azacytidine, of cultivation on different albuminous substrates and of cocultivation with the heart cells is studied. THE SOLUBLE COLLAGEN AND ITS MEDICAL AND TISSUE ENGINEERING USE L.V. Kukhareva, M.I. Blinova Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, St.-Petersburg, kochka-0734@mail.ru      Collagen is a major component of mammalian fibrillar connective tissue. The intrinsic biological and physicochemical characteristics of collagen have been exploited to prepare a variety of commercially available products spanning many medical applications. In 1979 Bell and collaborators produced from collagen solution the lattice comprised of fibroblast-populated collagen gel which then contracted in vitro. It was the first Bell's living tissue equivalent and this principle appeared to be one of the central ideas of tissue engineering. Many approved and commercially available medical products represent variants of Bell's equivalents. The review considers the preparation of pure collagen solutions and their use in medicine, cell cultivation, and tissue engineering. The approved in European countries and USA tissue engineered products for wound healing and the "Dermal equivalent ED" developed in Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences in St-Petersburg are discussed. THE COMBINED TRANSPLANTATION OF ENDOCRINE GLANDS ORGAN CULTURES AS THE METHOD FOR THE TREATMENT OF THE ENDOCRINOPATIES I.Turchin, I.Drozdovich Ukrainian scientific-practice centre of endocrine surgery, transplantation of organs, tissues and cells of Heals Ministry of Ukraine, Coordination centre of organs, tissues and cells transplantation of Heals Ministry of Ukraine, Kiev      It has shown the intensification of hormonal activity of tyrocites during the combined cultivating of thyroid tissue with the adrenal and testicular tissues and under their combined transplantation.      It has shown the morphological and functional possibility of intensification of insuline synthesis in cells at the time of the combine cultivation and the further xenotransplantation of the tissu fragments of the pancreas, the adrenals and the testes.      It was proving the results of the treatment in the patients with diabetes mellitus by simultaneous xenotransplantation of the neonatal cells and hepatocytes.      Key words: endocrine deseases, organ culture, pancreas, thyroid gland,adrenal gland, testis, hepar. DEVELOPMENT OF PROBLEM THE STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF HUMAN PROTOZOAN INVASION AGENT TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS USING CELL CULTURES IN VITRO Litvinchuk L.F., Razdolskaja N.V., Ivanov A.M. Influenza Research Institute RAMS, Military Medical Academy Dept. of new medical and biological technologies, St-Petersburg SCA-1 STEM CELLS POPULATION GROWS UP AT THE MYOCARDIUM OF C57BL/6 AND MDX MICE AFTER DYNAMIC STRESS Romanova E. A., Mikhailov V.M. Institute of Cytology RAS, St. Petersburg, vmikhailov@mail.cytspb.rssi.ru      There is study of behaviour of Sca-1 stem cells at the myocardium of C57Bll and mdx mice after dynamic stress. The investigation was made with use of anti-mouse Sca-1 rat antibody and biotin labeled second andibody and streptoavidin-peroxidase conjugate. The results show the grow of part of Sca-1 positive cells between another types of mononuclear cells in the myocardium of both mice lines during 1 and 24 h after dynamic stress. STUDIES ON CULTURED PLANT CELLS AND TISSUES CULTURES OF CELL SUSPENSION OF PANAX AND GINSENOSIDE SYNTHESIS I.N. Smolenskay Timiriazev Plant Physiology Institute, Russian Science Academy ismolenskay@mail.ru MISCELLANEOUS DISTRIBUTION INEQUALITY OF ADDITIONAL DNA IN HUMAN CELL LINE GENOME G.A. Sakuta1, G.S. Yakupova1, A.M. Kalimagambetov2, N.N. Bezborodkina1, Yu.M. Rozanov1, B.N. Kudryavtsev1 1 Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia, cellpath@mail.cytspb.rssi.ru 2 Kazakh National University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan      Flow cytometry was used to study the nuclear DNA contents in 40 human cell lines. The flow cytophotometric analysis of DNA content has shown the presence of an additional genetic material in cell culture genome. Degree of aneuploidy in cell nuclei varied from 0.12 to 12.44%. Image DNA-microfluorimetric method was used for measure DNA content in individual chromosomes of CCRF-SB cell line karyotype. It was shown that the differences of DNA content per chromosome can be reached 20% comparing control. The presented data provide evidences that destabilization of cell genetic apparatus in cell culture can be found on genomic and chromosomal levels. CHRONICLE INFORMATION OF THE CELL CULTURE ASSOCIATION INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS