ESSENTIAL DIRECTIONS OF CELL CULTURE INVESTIGATIONS IN INSTITUTIONS OF RUSSIA Influence of the sodium polydihidroxyphenilenthiosulfonate on the activities of some enzymes of energetic metabolism in BHK-21 cells and human erythrocytes E.A. Kosenko,1,2 E.I. Lezhnev,1,2 I.I. Popova,1 V.P. Lavrovskaya,1,2 A.C. Shumilov, 1,2 M.A. Abramova,1,2 M.K. Kuzmich,3 V.G. Popov 3 1 Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, RAS, Pushchino; 2 Pushchino State University, Pushchino; 3 ЗАО Olifen corporation, Moscow.      Effects of the sodium polydihydroxyphenylthiosulfonate (Hypoxen) on the activities of glycolytic and antioxidant enzymes in human erythrocytes and BHK-21 cells were studied. It was shown that Hypoxen did not alter ionic balance across the erythrocytic membrane and seemed to be neither pro-oxidant nor antioxidant drug under normoxic conditions.The drug rendered superoxide dismutase-like effect in the cells-free system. Hypoxen decreased malate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase activities in BHK-21 cells. The inhibition of these enzyme activities depended on both Hypoxen and cell concentrations. The karyotipic variability and the karyotipic structure of cell populations in vitro G.G. Poljanskaya. Institute of Cytology RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia; poljansk@mail.cytspb.rssi.ru      Analysis of different types of karyotypic variability in the cell lines of the same origin affected by one factor as well as in these cell lines affected by different factors suggests correlation between a determined karyotypic structure and the character of karyotypic variability. Therefore in studies on a putative genotoxic effect of various factors, both numerical and structural karyotypic variability should be analyzed as the two sides of the same process. Enhancement of any type of the karyotypic variability is associated with alterations of the balanced karyotypic structure induced by the new cultivation conditions and hence by the changes in gene expression which provokes alterations of other cell properties. Development of the model of interaction of influenza A virus with human lymphoblastoid cell lines for the study of biological features of viruses and determination of activity of antivirals Smirnova T.D.,1 Gudkova T.M.,1 Kuznetsova I.C.,1 Rhyzhack G.A. 2 1 Research Institute of Influenza, RAMS, 2 Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology NWB RAMS; cellcultures@influenza.spb.ru      The model is developed based on human lymphoblastoid cell line, that allows to evaluate the effect of influenza A virus on their state, in particular, rate of proliferation and level of apoptosis. The state of the cells developed on the infecting dose: at high doses cytotoxic effect was observed while at lowest doses of the virus cell proliferation was stimulated. T-lymphoblastoid cells (Jurkat) appeared the most sensitive to stimulating action of the virus. B-lymphoblastoid cells (Namalva) a nd histiocytes (U-937) were less sensitive. Their stimulation started at day 2 post infection (p.i.), cell proliferation reached the peak on day 3 p.i.      Apoptosis was detected 24 hours later than cell stimulation. It was the most expressed in Jurkat cells.      Different subtypes of influenza virus differed among each other in their ability to stimulate cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. Viruses of H3N2 subtype were more active in comparison with H1N1 ones.      The studied antivirals (Vilon, Epithalon, Arbidol and Ribavirin) demonstrated different effects on different cell lines infected with influenza virus. Only in U-937 cells all preparations suppressed virus- stimulated cell proliferation. Only Vilon and Epithalon decreased the rate of T-lymphoblasts (Jurkat) proliferation while the inhibition of virus-induced apoptosis was observed in both cell lines in presence of all assayed preparations. The decrease of immunomodulating and heroprotecting activity of Vilon, Epithalon and Arbidol was accompanied by loss of inhibiting effect on virus-stimulated cell proliferation, while the drug- induced suppression of apoptosis was still observed. STEM CELLS: THEIR USE IN FUNDAMENTAL CELL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE Biology of the olfactory ensheathing cells in vivo and in vitro Tsymbalyuk V.I., Semenova V.M., Medvedev V.V. Institute of neurosurgery named after acad. A.P. Romodanov of AMS of Ukraine, Kyiv      The issue considers modern conceptions of mammalian olfactory ensheathing cells (OEC) properties. Taking into consideration the important role of this cell's type in ensuring of axons growth and the aim to restore spinal cord conduction after traumatic injury, new data of cultural properties and molecular mechanisms of OEC proliferation, axonal growth and myelinization with the help of these cells were analyzed. DEVELOPMENT OF PROBLEM Conditions for neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells for studying into influence of their transplantation for demyelinating diseases of central nervous system Pyko I.V.,1 Motuzova Y.M.,1 Fedulov A.S., Guzov S.A.,1 Nizhegorodova D.B.,2 Zafranskaya M.M.,2 Kvacheva Z.B. 3 1 Belarusian State Medical University, 2 Belarusian Medical Academy for Postgraduate Education, 3 Scientific Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Minsk, Belarus i_pyko@yahoo.com      Features and conditions of neural differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) isolated from adipose tissue and bone marrow were studied. Preliminary results of neural differentiation of MSC of bone marrow and adipose tissue were obtained. Further studies into properties and potential for differentiation of MSC cultures and their characterization on the presence of some specific cell surface markers inherent to neural cells are currently under progress. STUDIES ON CULTURED PLANT CELLS AND TISSUES Auxin influence on ginsenoside synthesis in cell suspension of Panax Yu.N., Reshetniak O.V., Smolenskay I.N., Nosov A.V. Timiriazev Plant Physiology Institute, Russian Science Academy, Moscow ismolenskay@mail.ru      It is well known that growth regulaters and their ratio are the most important factors which determine the possibility of isolated cell population to sustain. They influence on both cell growth and differentiation and also on their metabolism. This effect is not only determined by this phytohormone specificity, but it also depends upon the nature of secondary compounds, and sometimes it depends on the species of plants and even on the strain of cultivated cells. As the subject of our investigation we used Panax ginseng (C.A.Meyer) and Panax japonicus cell suspension. The cell suspension was grown in MS nutrient medium supplemented with the vitamins and phytohormones. HPLC-analysis only revealed some residual tracks of ginsenosides When we used of media supplemented with 2,4-D as auxin, ginsenoside accumulation in Panax ginseng suspension was nearly the same as in the control. When using 2,4-D, not all ginsenosides were present in biomass, their ratio was not constant. When we changed 2,4-D for NAA, glycoalkaloid biosythesis was in average 4% (CV=36), it was 17.2 times as high as in the media supplemented with 2,4-D (table). The ginsenoside composition in P. ginseng cell suspension was complete (all 7 ginsenosides) , the ratio of individual ginsenosides turned out to be equal in all variants with NAA presence. The ratio of Rg/Rb groups varied depending on applied auxin . In all variants with , it varied within the limit of 6.1 to 7.6. When we used 2,4-D, it fluctuated. That could be explained by the instable synthesis and individual ginsenoside composition. MISCELLANEOUS CHRONICLE INFORMATION OF THE CELL CULTURE ASSOCIATION Instructions for Authors      The paper should not exceed 10 manuscript pages. The manuscript is to be accompanied by recommendation addressed to the Editorial Board of the Information Bulletin from the institution in which the work has been carried out. The paper should contain a brief resume, with the tittle of the work, names of the authors, institution and city.      The manuscript is to be accompanied by its electron variant: one file in MS Word for Windows. The file should have the font Arial Narrow, 13; interline difference - 1.5; the indented line - 0.5 cm; the upper margin - 2.5 cm, other margins - 2.1 cm each. The file may be e-mailed to the address of the Editorial Board.