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CELL CULTURES
Information Bulletin Issue 30, St. Petersburg, 2014 |
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WHITE SEA EXPEDITION: SCIENCE AND LIFE
In the article dedicated to George Pinaev memory, some events from the life of members of Department of cell culture of the Institute of Cytology, which took place during the White sea expedition, are described. The data of one direction of research are presented. Key words: marine invertebrate cell culture, Asterias rubens, coelomocytes, coelomic epithelial cells, proliferation, regeneration THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NEW CELL LINES DERIVED IN CELL
CULTURE COLLECTION OF VERTEBRATES
The brief historical information about the creation of Russian cell culture collection and the basic role of Professor, Honoured worker of Science G.P.Pinaev are presented. The main results about the development Cell culture collection of vertebrates (CCCV) during 2011-2013 years are described. Human embryonic stem cells (ESC) lines derived in feeder and feeder-free systems of cultivation correspond to status of pluripotent stem cells. The new fibroblast-like cell lines derived from different sources: human ESC, bone marrow of early embryo and foreskin of child correspond to status of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). These nonimmortalized cell lines of human MSC were included in the funds of CCCV. For these lines, according to international requiremens, were developed the passports, which placed in Internet on the site of Institute of Cytology RAS in section "Collections and catalogs". Key words: Cell culture collection of vertebrates, human embryonic stem cells, human mesenchymal stem cells THE USE OF THE HAIRY ROOT CULTURES FROM THE COLLECTION OF GENETICALLY TRANSFORMED
ROOTS IN BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCHES
Many years' experience of work with in vitro root cultures, so-called hairy root cultures, demonstrates the possibility of their using in basic and applied biotechnology researches. In this report we are talking about the latest results of researches with hairy roots, which are supported in the collection of genetically transformed roots of plants (CGTRP). As a result of fundamental researches of hairy roots, the spatial organization of secondary metabolism in roots of medicinal plant - common rue (Ruta graveolens L.), has been successfully studied. Biochemical originality of rue and the possibility to obtain a large number of root apexes from hairy roots allowed us to study the distribution of secondary compounds, which are formed in the root tissue. In addition, the role of so-called border cells in establishing contacts between the plant roots and rhizosphere to create a plant-specific rhizodeposition was refined. Genetic stability of hairy roots and their ability under in vitro conditions to keep biosynthesis of root-specific compounds at the level of whole plant roots became the basis for studies, which are carried out now with the roots of the valuable medicinal plant - baical skullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi). The skullcap roots growing stably for 20 years under in vitro conditions synthesize the typical plant flavones in an amount that is comparable with their content in the whole plant roots. An intensive growth of the roots and biosynthesis of the major physiologically active flavones preserve in hairy roots, which are cultured in a bioreactor. This fact ensures the possibility of using hairy roots as a new type of environmentally friendly medicinal raw materials. In 2007, Japanese researchers showed that one of the skullcap root flavones, wogonin, has a selective cytotoxic activity and induces apoptosis only of malignant cells. This is a prerequisite to create a new valuable antineoplastic medicine with targeting action on wogonin basis. The wogonin content in the roots of the whole baical skullcap endangered plants is minor, and chemical synthesis of this flavone did not give the positive results. The great need for this flavone and biochemical features of skullcap hairy roots, which are supported in the collection, have become the basis for the development of specific strategies for their cultivation. This strategy will compensate the deficit of common medicinal raw materials by establishing a new biotechnological process for producing wogonin with unique cytotoxic activity. Key words: hairy roots, secondary metabolites, root border cells, rhizodeposition, flavones, baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, wogonin, beta-glucuronidase, bioconversion RESULTS AND PERSPECTIVE DEVELOPMENT OF CELL CULTURES COLLECTION OF AGRICULTURAL
AND INDUSTRIAL ANIMALS
This paper provides an updated short review on data WIEV Collection agricultural and wildlife animals cell cultures research. Different aspects regarding present status collection and cryobank, structure, general factors controlling cell species identification, morphologic and caryologic surveillance are included. Importantly some approaches of possible mycoplasma (or other cells) contaminations were developed. Specifically the Collection cell lines sensibility to obligate intracellular parasite (Toxoplasma gondii) development was determined as well as the importance of crucial factors of cell cultures infected standartization in the diagnostic context. Key words: collection, cell culture, Toxoplasma gondii, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), contamination ABOUT THE COLLECTION OF CONTINUOUS CELL LINES OF INVERTEBRATES
The history, main directions and results of work of the past five years of All-Russian specialized collections of continuous cell lines of invertebrates were outlined. Key words: apoptosis, specialized collection, permanent cell lines, primary cell culture, Cryobank, invertebrates THE HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES OF THE CONTINUOUS VERTEBRATE CELL LINE
COLLECTION FOR HEALTHCARE USE
Cryobanks of cell cultures are an integral part of medical and biotechnological research. The merger of local cell banks into the All-Russia collection of cell cultures made their coordination and further development possible by means of using common databases and certifiying cell lines and strains. It led to establishing cell cultures with pre-determined characteristics suitable for production of quality immunobiological drugs and to obtaining comparable results of cell culture-based virological and biological research. This enabled Yekaterinburg Research Institute of Viral Infections to develop toxicity screening procedures for a variety of substances, as well as to produce and broadly characterize a diploid cell-derived medicinal preparation used for succesful treatment of burns, periodontal and some metabolic diseases. Key words: cell culture collection, Cryobank, virology, toxicology, diagnostics, cell therapy THE APPLICATION OF CELLS CULTURES FOR VIROLOGY INVESTIGATIONS
Cell cultures find wide application in various fields of biology, medicine, veterinary medicine and biotechnology. The collection of transplanted somatic cells of vertebrates is
created In the laboratory of tissue culture of Ivanovsky Institute of virology. It is presented in the "Catalogue of the all-Union collection of cell cultures", "Human and Animal
cell lines Catalogue" and in the "Catalogue of the Russian collection of cell cultures". For each cell line we developed passport, according to the international requirements.
We are working to improve the storage conditions and the cultivation of cells depending on various media, sera or their substitutes. One of the main problems of the quality of
cell cultures is microbial or viral contamination cells because it affects the metabolism of cells, a chromosomal aberration and alters cell function. For reception of qualitative cell
cultures it's requires constant monitoring of mycoplasmas, bovine diarrhea virus (WBD) and other pathogens, primarily by PCR.
Key words: cell culture, serum, serum-free medium, viruses, cytokines, the vaccine THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF RESEARCHES OF THE TISSUE CULTURE LABORATORY OF THE INSTITUTE
OF NEUROSURGERY
This review summarizes the main stages of research work of the tissue culture laboratory of the Institute of Neurosurgery. Directions of scientific developments and features of methodical approaches in the conducted researches using the methods of cultivation depending on the goals and objectives are characterized. Key words: methods of cultivation, neurocells, brain tumours CYTOGENETICS OF HUMAN TUMOR CELL LINES
Development of cell culture techniques, establishing of human and animal cell lines as well as organization in 1978 of the All-Union (Russian) cell culture collection (RCCC)
gave rise to studies of cell line karyotypes. Professor George Pinaev, the head of the Department of cell cultures of the Institute of Cytology RAS, was the founder and
coordinator of RCCC. Cell culture collection of vertebrates as a part of the Department of cell cultures of the Institute of Cytology RAS, has been defined to be the main bank
of the RCCC.
Key words: human tumor cell lines, chromosomal instability, karyotypic variability, regularities of the karyotypic variability EXTERNAL STIMULI INDUCES RAPID ACTIN CYTOSKELETON REARRANGEMENT
Our data indicate that spectrum of soluble factors induces rapid reorganization in the microfilament system of cultivated nonmuscle cells. Three consecutive stages can be recognized in the process. First, there is an early cell response, which includes formation of peripheral ruffles and/or microspikes. Second, disassembly of stress fibers and disorganization of all kinds of microfilament bundles except microspikes. These stages of rearrangements of the microfilament system are characteristic for all studied factors and do not depend on the nature of immobilized ligands. Third, is restoration of ordered system of microfilament bundles. The pattern of actin filament system is determined to a great extent by type of soluble and immobilized ligands. Key words: actin cytoskeleton, small GTPases, reactive oxigen species, myosin, tropomyosin, protein complexes |
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