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CELL CULTURES
Information Bulletin. Issue 33, St. Petersburg, 2017 |
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BLADDER RECONSTRUCTION USING THE TISSUE ENGINEERING METHODS: PROBLEMS AND OUTLOOK
The modern methods and approaches to reconstruction of human urinary bladder (UB) are described in this review. Currently, there is exclusive method of the UB reconstruction is the replacement of the bladder tissue with gastrointestinal fragments, despite a number of complications. It is shown that intestinal stem cells have some plasticity and can transdifferentiate to mature UB cells - urothelium. However, the full functional recovery of urothelial cells in this case does not occur. New developments in the field of tissue engineering can provide a possibility to solve this problem. In last year’s positive results of application of various tissue-engineering constructs, containing cells for reconstruction of tissues damaged of UB in experimental animals were obtained. Key words: bladder, scaffold, stem cells, tissue engineering, tissue-engineering construct. STUDY OF MECHANISMS OF RAT FETAL BRAIN NEUROGENIC CELLS SUPERNATANT INFLUENCE ON THE EXPERIMENTAL
GLIOMA C6 CELLS IN CONDITIONS OF CULTIVATION
One of the approaches of genetic-cell therapy of malignant brain gliomas is the use of neurogenic stem and progenitor cells (NSC/NPC). It is known that NSC/NPC possess great potential of
migration to the centers of pathology in the CNS and induce the death of tumor cells in mice and rats; prolonging survival of animals or almost complete inhibition of glioma growth. However, the
mechanism of anti-tumor properties of NPC remains unclear. The aim of this study was to identify possible mechanisms of action of the supernatant of neurogenic cells (SNC) of rat fetal brain of the
14th (E14) day of gestation on cultivated cells of rat glioma C6. The expression of Ki-67, CD133, TGF- 1 and p53 in cells of control and experimental cultures (with SNC adding to culture medium)
were investigated using immunocytochemical reactions. In cytologic preparations the morphometric studies were performed, the mitotic index was calculated.
Key words: glioma Ñ6, primary culture, rat fetal brain neurogenic cells supernatant, ʳ-67, CD133, TGF- 1, ð53 THE PRESENT AND THE FUTURE OF THE COLLECTION OF GENETICALLY TRANSFORMED PLANT ROOTS
TAgainst the background of retrospective analysis of the formation and development of the collection of genetically transformed roots of higher plants, the question is considered of practical use of the most interesting and valuable collection specimen, namely isolated growing roots of Scutellaria baicalensis, a native Russian medicinal plant that has a limited growing area and still disappears in spite of its introduction into the Red Book. The subject of Scutellaria baicalensis collecting are its roots containing a complex of flavones, the physiologically active secondary compounds, which are characterized by strong hypotensive, sedative, neuroprotective, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective actions. For last decade the attention of pharmacists is more and more drawn towards studying of cytotoxic activity of flavonoids, especially the wogonin, which is the minor flavone of Scutellaria baicalensis roots. The wogonin has a selective effect on apoptosis only of cancer cells and some adjuvant characteristics (the ability to reduce among the patients a myelosuppression caused by the chemotherapy). General lack of this valuable medicinal plant and difficulties of its introduction in vivo caused the introduction of Scutellaria baicalensis genetically transformed roots (hairy roots) in vitro culture in order to evaluate their ability to root-specific metabolites biosynthesis. The line of the Scutellaria baicalensis roots, which are stably growing for 20 years, is characterized by intensive growth and formation of root-specific flavones, though with slightly different ratio. This allowed the opportunity to develop bioconversion hydrolysis of the main components of the roots and to obtain ecologically pure medicinal raw material with a high content of selectively acting cytotoxic flavone, the wogonin, chemical synthesis of which still has not given the positive results. On the example of Scutellaria baicalensis there is given the evaluation of the factors which help or hinder in implementation of the practical usage of the unique objects in the Collection of genetically transformed roots of medicinal plants. Key words: collection of genetically transformed roots, hairy roots, Scutellaria baicalensis, baicalin-β-D-glucuronidase, baicalin, wogonoside, wogonin, bioconversion STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF CULTIVATED FIBROBLAST-LIKE CELLS FROM ADIPOSE TISSUE ON HISTOBIOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF MALIGNANT BRAIN GLIOMA
The article presents a literature review, highlighting the controversial issues of the features of the impact of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from tissue sources of different origin on the growth activity of the tumors of different histogenesis, including animal and human brain glial tumors. We present the results of studying the effects of cultured fibroblast-like cells (FLC) from rat adipose tissue (AT) on the histobiological characteristics of experimental rat glioma (strain 101.8). The animals of the experimental group were subjected to intracerebral implantation of suspension of glioma tumor cells together with cultured FLC from rat AT. A comparative histological study of brain gliomas tissue from rats of the experimental group revealed the morphological features of FLC cytotoxic effects on glioma cells and a significant reduction in the number of mitoses. At the same time the survival of experimental rats was significantly increased compared with the control group, which confirmed the inhibitory effect of the FLC from AT on glioma growth in vivo. The effect of supernatants from 8-day cultures of FLC from human AT on cultured cells from experimental rat glioma and human glioblastoma were studied in vitro. The cytodestructive dose-dependent effects of supernatant on glioma cells were detected in all variants of the experiment. The results indicate that FLC from AT are capable, like the MSC, to inhibit growth of malignant brain gliomas tumor cells both in vivo and in vitro. Key words: mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblast-like cells, adipose tissue, glioma, glioblastoma, tissue culture MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES FUNCTIONS IN CELLULAR PROCESSES
This review describes the main characteristics of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), representation of their role in various cellular processes and effects on different body systems. These enzymes are synthesized by many cells and are involved in processes such as inflammation, tissue healing process, angiogenesis, cell transformation, embryo implantation and mesenchymal stem cells differentiation. Under normal conditions MMPs are found in tissues in small amounts. MMP refers to inducible MMP enzymes whose transcription depends on a number of factors (cytokines, growth factors, and tumor necrosis factor, chemical agents, etc.). Presented review discusses gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9. Key words: matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, MMP-2, MMP-9 MICROBIOLGICAL CONTROL IN CELL CULTURE COLLECTION
Maintaining of the cell culture Collection, as well as its development by the obtaining of new cell lines has a variety of aspects. One of the basic cell culturing requirements in the Collection is the keeping the cells on nutrient media in the absence of antibiotics, which can modify a various of physiological characteristics of the original cell line and their genetic apparatus, that is unacceptable. In this regard, in the Collection special attention is paid at microbiological control of cells. Control of cell culture contamination is also needed for researchers, since the work with the infected cells may result in obviously incorrect data. In this article the basic methods for the detection of bacterial, yeast, fungal and mycoplasma contamination, as well as their limitations, are discussed. Key words: cell culture collection, microbiolgical control, cell culture contamination with microorganisms, bacterial, fungal, yeast and mycoplasmal contamination, detection methods |
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