INSTITUTE OF CYTOLOGY OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Laboratory of Cytology of Unicellular Organisms
    Head of the Laboratory

    Sergei O. SKARLATO

    Ph.D., D.Sc.

    phone: +7 (812) 297-44-96; +7 (812) 297-18-36
    e-mail: s_skarlato@yahoo.com

    Laboratory was founded in 1957 by Prof. Dr. Yu.I. Poljansky, Corresponding Member of RAS (Head in 1957-1988). In 1988-1998 the Head of the Laboratory was Prof. Dr. I.B. Raikov. Since 1999 г. the Laboratory is Headed by Dr. S.O. Skarlato.


The main scientific problems under study

Scientists of the Laboratory work in the frames of the research program "Studies into the nuclear apparatus and cytoplasm of free-living and parasitic unicellular organisms", which at present involves the following projects:

–  The nuclear apparatus of Protozoa: structural diversity and genetic plasticity.

–  Heat shock proteins in free-living amoebae and ciliated protists.

–  Structural-functional organization of sensitive to hormones and hormone-like substances the adenylyl and guanylyl cyclase signaling systems in ciliates and their involvement in regulation of cellular functions.

–  Diversity and ecology of planktonic ciliates in the Baltic Sea.

At the Laboratory a unique Amoebae Cultures Collection of Institute of Cytology – ACCIC(SPb) is maintained for many years.

During the past 50 years, the researchers of the Laboratory published about 1600 original papers and review articles, and 16 monographs, textbooks and manuals.

Scientific staff

Yudin A.L. – Principal Scientist, Prof., Ph.D., D.Sc.
Goodkov A.V. – Leading Scientist, Ph.D.
Telesh I.V. – Senior Scientist, Ph.D., D.Sc.
Karajan B.P. – Senior Scientist, Ph.D.
Nassonova E.S. – Senior Scientist, Ph.D.
Podlipaeva Yu.I. – Senior Scientist, Ph.D.
Sokolova Yu.Ya. – Senior Scientist, Ph.D.
Uspenskaya Z.I. – Senior Scientist, Ph.D.
Bobyleva N.N. – Research Scientist, Ph.D.
Sidorenko N.V. – Research Scientist
Knyazev N.A. – Junior Research Scientist, Ph.D.
Mironova E.I. – Junior Research Scientist, Ph.D.
Tavrovskaya M.V. – Junior Research Scientist
Matantseva O.V. – Junior Research Assistant
Farka L.I. – Senior Research Assistant
Berdieva M.A. – Ph.D.-student, Senior Research Assistant
Pozdnyakov I.A. – Ph.D.-student, Senior Research Assistant


In 1968, the Soviet Union Society of Protozoologists was organized at the Laboratory of Cytology of Unicellular Organisms, which was renamed in 1992 into Protozoological Society affiliated with Russian Academy of Sciences (PS RAS). At present, PS RAS is still active.

Editorial Office of the international journal Protistology is resides at the Laboratory now.


Selected papers

Berdieva M., Bogolyubov D., Podlipaeva Yu., Goodkov A. 2016. Nucleus-associated actin in Amoeba proteus. Europ. J. Protistol. 2016. 56: 191–199.

Matantseva O., Skarlato S., Vogts A., Pozdnyakov I., Liskow I., Schubert H., Voss M. 2016. Superposition of individual activities: Urea-mediated suppression of nitrate uptake in the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum revealed at the population and single-cell levels. Frontiers in Microbiology. 7:1310. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01310.

Chistyakova L.V., Berdieva M.A., Kostygov A.Y., Frolov A.O. 2016. Diversity of symbiotic consortia of prokaryotes in the cells of pelomyxids (Archamoeba, Pelomyxidae). Protistology 10 (1): 13–25.

Demin S.Yu., Berdieva M.A., Podlipaeva Yu.I., Yudin A.L., Goodkov A.V. 2015. Chromatin organization in cell cycle of Amoeba proteus according to optical tomography data. Tsitologiya. 57 (11): 813–822.

Telesh I.V., Skarlato S.O., Kube S., Rohde H., Schubert H., 2015. Zooplankton of the Baltic Sea: Introduction to the distant learning module. Rostock, St. Petersburg: Univer. Rostock. P. 1–124.

Matantseva O., Skarlato S. 2015. Current state and perspectives of single-cell studies in ecophysiology of protists. Protistology. 9 (3/4): 127–132.

Kirpichnikova K.M., Petrov Yu.P., Filatova N.A., Gamaley I.A. 2015. Cells form and their sensitivity to lytic activity of natural killer cells under the antioxidant action. Tsitologiya. 57 (8) : 578–583.

Pozdnyakov I.A., SkarlatoS.O. 2015. Analysis of the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum transcriptome: identifying the members of the voltage-gated cation channels superfamily. Tsitologiya. 57 (7) : 533–543.

Telesh I.V., Schubert H., Skarlato S.O. 2015. Size, seasonality, or salinity: What drivers protristan species maximum in the horohalinicum? Estuarine, Coastal ande Shelf Science. 161: 102–111. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2015.05.003.

Rotari Y.M., Paskerova G.G., Sokolova Y.Y. 2015. Diversity of metchnikovellids (Metchnikovellidae, Rudimicrosporea), hyperparasites of bristle worms (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the White Sea. Protistology 9: 50–59.

Sokolova Y., Pelin A., Hawke J., Corradi N. 2015. Morphology and phylogeny of Agmasoma penaei (Microsporidia) from the type host, Litopenaeus setiferus, and the type locality, Louisiana, USA. International Journal for Parasitology. 45: 1-16.

Popenko V.I., Potekhin A.A., Karajan B.P., Skarlato S.O., Leonova O.G. 2015. The size of DNA molecules and chromatin organization in the macronucleus of the ciliate Didinium nasutum.Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 62 (2): 260-264.

Berdieva M.A., Chistyakova L.V., Miteva O.A., Frolov A.O., Goodkov A.V. 2015. A light and electron microscopic study of Pelomyxa secunda (Gruber, 1884) Comb. Nov. (Archamoebae, Pelobiontida). Cell and Tissue Biology. 9 (2): 158–165.

Knyazev N.A., Samoilova K.A., Abrahamse H., Filatova N.A. 2015. Downregulation of tumorogenicity and changes in the actin cytoskeleton of murine hepatoma after irradiation with polychromatic visible and IR light. Photomedicine and laser surgery. 33 (4): 185-192.

Pozdnyakov I., Matantseva O., Negulyaev Y., Skarlato S. 2014. Obtaining spheroplasts of armored dinoflagellates and first single-channel recordings of their ion channels using patch-clamping. Mar. Drugs. 12: 4743-4755.

Mironova E.I., Telesh I.V., Skarlato S.O. 2014. Ciliates in plankton of the Baltic Sea. Protistology. 8 (3): 81-124.

Goodkov A.V., Yudin A.L., Podlipaeva Yu.I. 2014. Collection of the proteus-type amoebae at the Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences. I. History, goals and research field. Protistology. 8 (2): 71-75.

Karpov S.A., Mamkaeva M.A., Aleoshin V.V., Nassonova E., Lilje O., Gleason F.H. 2014. Morphology, phylogeny, and ecology of the aphelids (Aphelidea, Opisthokonta) and proposal for the new superphylum Opisthosporidia. Frontiers in Microbiology. 5: 1-11.

Chystjakova L.V., M.A. Berdieva M.A., Frolov A.O., Goodkov A.V. 2014. Reisolation and redescription of pelobiont Pelomyxa paradoxa Penard, 1902 (Archamoebae, Pelobiontida). Tsitologiya. 56 (10): 770-778.

Podlipaeva Yu.I., Fulda S., Goodkov A.V. 2014. Stress proteins in the cells of Porphyra (Rhodophyta) thallus. Tsitologiya. 56 (7): 536-539.

Telesh I.V., Schubert H., Skarlato S.O. 2013. Life in the salinity gradient: Discovering mechanisms behind a new biodiversity pattern. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 135: 317-327.

Chistiakova L.V., Miteva O.A., Frolov A.O., Skarlato S.O. 2013. Comparative morphology of the subphilum Conosa Cavalier-Smith 1998. Tsitologiya. 55 (11): 776-785 (in Russian).

Podlipaeva Yu., Demin S., Goodkov A. 2013. New method for cell cycle synchronization in Amoeba proteus culture. Protistology. 8 (1): 3-7 (2013).

Mironova E., Telesh I., Skarlato S. 2013. Planktonic ciliates of the Neva Estuary (Baltic Sea): Community structure and spatial distribution. Acta Protozoologica. 52 (1): 13-23.

Anatskaya O.V., Sidorenko N.V., Matveev I.V., Kropotov A.V., Kharchenko M.V., Vinogradov A.E. 2013. Threshold rat neonatal cardiomyocyte response to gradual cryptosporidial infection severity increase. Tsitologiya. 55 (8): 527-538 (in Russian).

Sokolova Y.Y., Paskerova G.G., Rotari Y.M., Nassonova E.S., Smirnov A.V. 2013. Fine structure of Metchnikovella incurvata Caullery and Mesnil 1914 (microsporidia), a hyperparasite of gregarines Polyrhabdina sp. from the polychaete Pygospio elegans. Parasitology. 140 (7): 855-867.

Leonova O.G., Karajan B.P., Ivlev Y.F., Ivanova J.L., Skarlato S.O., Popenko V.I. 2013. Quantitative analysis of nuclear chromatin distribution in the complex convoluted nucleoli of Didinium nasutum (Ciliophora). Biological Research. 46 (1): 69-74.

Yudin A.L., Skarlato S.O. 2013. Carol L. Moberg. Entering an unseen world: a founding laboratory and origins of modern cell biology, 1910–1974. New York: The Rockefeller University Press, 2012. 499p. Tsitologiya. 55 (8): 598–599 (in Russian).

Pozdnyakov I., Skarlato S.O. 2012. Dinoflagellate amphiesma at different stages of the life cycle. Protistology. 7 (2): 108-115.

Nassonova E.S. 2012. Molecular karyotyping of eukaryotic microorganisms. Tsitologiya. 54 (10): 721-732 (in Russian).

Skarlato S.O. 2012. Editorial. Protistology. 7 (1): 3-4.

Mironova E., Telesh I., Skarlato S.O. 2012. Diversity and seasonality in structure of ciliate communities in the Neva Estuary (Baltic Sea). Journal of Plankton Research. 34 (3): 208-220.

Podlipaeva Y., Fulda S., Telesh I., Goodkov A., Schubert H., Skarlato S.O. 2011. Chaperones in the early-diverged eukaryote Porphyra (Rhodophyta): Revealing Hsp70 and Hsp40 activities in the cytoplasm of thallus cells under control and stress conditions. Molecular Biology of the Cell. 22 (suppl.): 1281.

Sokolova O.I., Demyanov A.V., Bowers L.C., Didier E.S., Yakovlev A.V., Skarlato S.O., Sokolova Y.Y. 2011. Emerging microsporidian infections in Russian HIV-infected patients. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 49 (6): 2102-2108.

Schubert H., Feuerpfeil P., Marquardt R., Telesh I., Skarlato S.O. 2011. Macroalgal diversity along the Baltic Sea salinity gradient challenges Remane's species-minimum concept. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 62: 1948-1956.

Telesh I.V., Schubert H., Skarlato S.O. 2011. Protistan diversity does peak in the horohalinicum of the Baltic Sea: Reply to Ptacnik et al. (2011). Marine Ecology Progress Series. 432: 293-297.

Telesh I.V., Schubert H., Skarlato S.O. 2011. Revisiting Remane's concept: evidence for high plankton diversity and a protistan species maximum in the horohalinicum of the Baltic Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 421: 1-11.

Smirnov A.V. Chao E., Nassonova E.S., Cavalier-Smith T. 2011. A revised classification of naked lobose amoebae (Amoebozoa: Lobosa). Protist. 162: 545-570.

Smirnov A.V., Bedjagina O.M., Goodkov A.V. 2011. Dermamoeba algensis n. sp. (Amoebozoa, Dermamoebidae) – An algivorous lobose amoeba with complex cell coat and unusual feeding mode. European Journal of Protistology. 47: 67-78

Goodkov A.V., Smurov A.O., Podlipaeva Yu.I. 2010. Free-living protists as a model for studying heat shock proteins in the cell. In: Handbook of molecular chaperones: roles, structures and mechanisms. New York, Nova Science Publishers, Inc. P. 293-312.

Sokolova Y.Y., Sokolov I.M., Carlton C.E. 2010. New microsporidia parasitizing bark lice (Insecta: Psocoptera). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 104: 186-194.

Sokolova Y.Y., Sokolov I.M., Carlton C.E. 2010. Identification of Nosema bombi Fantham and Porter 1914 (Microsporidia) in Bombus impatiens and Bombus sandersoni from Great Smoky Mountains National Park (USA). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 103: 71-73.

Nassonova E., Smirnov A., Fahrni J., Pawlowski J. 2010. Barcoding Amoebae: Comparison of SSU, ITS and COI genes as tools for molecular identification of naked lobose amoebae. Protist. 161: 102-115.

Anatskaya O.V., Sidorenko N.V., Beyer T.V., Vinogradov A.E. 2010. Neonatal cardiomyocyte ploidy reveals critical windows of heart development. International Journal of Cardiology. 141 (1): 81-91.

Smurov A.O., Podlipaeva Yu.I., Skarlato S.O., Goodkov A.V. 2010. Correlations between salinity-persistence of ciliate species and their constitutive heat shock protein of 70 kda contents. Tsitologiya. 52 (12): 1041-1044.

Telesh I., Postel L., Heerkloss R., Mironova E., Skarlato S. 2009. Zooplankton of the Open Baltic Sea: Extended Atlas. (BMB Publication No. 21). Meereswissenschaftliche Berichte (Warnemuende). 76: 1-290 (ISSN 0939-396X).

Podlipaeva Yu.I., Goodkov A.V. 2009. Heat shock proteins of 70 kDa family in the cells of free living and amphizoic amoeboid organisms. Tsitologiya. 51 (12) : 1019-24.

Smirnov A., Nassonova E., Fahrni J., Pawlowski J. 2009. Rhizamoeba neglecta n. sp. (Amoebozoa, Tubulinea) from the bottom sediments of freshwater Lake Leshevoe (Valamo Island, North-Western Russia), with notes on the phylogeny of the order Leptomyxida. European Journal of Protistology. 45: 251-259.

Yudin A.L., Uspenskaya Z.I. 2009. Change of mating type induced by actinomycin D in the ciliate Dileptus anser. Tsitologiya. 51 (1): 84-88.

Sokolova Y.Y., Lange C.E., Mariottini Y., Fuxa J.R. 2009. Morphology and taxonomy of the microsporidium Liebermannia covasacrae sp. n. from the grasshopper Covasacris pallidinota (Orthoptera, Acrididae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 101 (1): 34-42.

Sokolova Yu.Ya. 2009. Origin of Microsporidia and their systematical position among eukaryotes. Mycology and phytopathology. 43 (3): 177-192.

Podlipaeva Yu.I., Smurov A.O., Goodkov A.V. 2008. Alterations of the level of 70 kDa family heat shock protein in the ciliate Tetrahymena pyriformis in the process of cells adaptation to the medium salinity changes. Tsitologiya. 50 (7): 619-622.

Pimenov A.Yu., Skovorodkin I.N., Raikhel I.B., Skarlato S.O. 2008. Transcriptional regulation of macronuclear protein-coding genes in stichotrichous ciliates. Tsitologiya. 50 (10): 835-842.

Pimenov A.Yu. 2008. Determination of tubulin gene transcription start site in Stylonychia lemnae. Tsitologiya. 50 (7): 623-628.

Telesh I., Postel L., Heerkloss R., Mironova E., Skarlato S. 2008. Zooplankton of the Open Baltic Sea: Atlas. (BMB Publication No. 20). Meereswissenschaftliche Berichte (Warnemuende). 73: 1-251 (ISSN 0939-396X).

Sokolova Y.Y., Lange C.E., Fuxa J.R. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships of Heterovesicular cowani, a microsporidian pathogen of Mormon crickets, Anabrus simplex (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae), based on SSU rDNA-sequence analyses. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 99 (1): 112-116.

Sokolova Y.Y., Fuxa J.R. 2008. Biology and life-cycle of the microsporidium Kneallhazia solenopsae Knell Allan Hazard 1977 gen. n., comb. n., from the fire ant Solenopsis invicta. Parasitology (GB). 135 (8): 903-929.

Smirnov A.V., Nassonova E.S., Cavalier-Smith T. 2008. Correct identification of species makes the amoebozoan rRNA tree congruent with morphology for the order Leptomyxida Page 1987; with description of Acramoeba dendroida n.g., n.sp., originally misidentified as 'Gephyramoeba sp.' European Journal of Protistology. 44: 35-44.

Issi I.V., Tokarev Y.S., Seliverstova E.V., Nassonova E.S. 2008. Specified ultrastructural data on Tubulinosema maroccanus comb. nov. (Nosema maroccanus Krilova et Nurzhanov, 1987) (Microsporidia) from the Moroccan locust Dociostaurus maroccanus (Orthoptera). Acta Protozoologica. 47: 125-133.

Yudin A.L., Uspenskaya Z.I. 2007. Nuclear differentiation for mating types in the ciliate Dileptus anser: a hypothesis. Cell Biology International. 31 (4): 428-432.

Tokarev Y.S., Sokolova Y.Y., Entzeroth F. 2007. Melanization enhances teratospore formation in microsporidia-infected tissues of Locusta migratoria and Gryllus bimaculatus (Insecta, Orthoptera). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 94: 70-73.

Frolov A.O., Chystjakova L.V., Goodkov A.V., Malysheva M.N. 2007. The morphological study of the cysts of Pelomyxa palustris Greeff, 1874. Tsitologiya. 49 (8): 642-651.

Sokolova Y.Y., Lange C. E., Fuxa J.R. 2007. Establishment of Liebermannia dichroplusae n. comb. on the basis of molecular characterization of Perezia dichroplusae Lange 1987 (Microsporidia). The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 54: 223-230.

Sokolova Yu.Ya., Snigirevskaya E.S., Komissarchik Ya.Yu. 2007. Golgi apparatus in parasitic Protists (a Review). Tsitologiya. 49 (3): 163-181.

Smurov A.O., Podlipaeva Yu.I., Goodkov A.V. 2007. Heat shock protein of Hsp70 family in Paramecium nephridiatum and its role in adaptation to environmental salinity changes. Tsitologiya. 49 (4): 292-295.

Maysov A.V., Podlipaeva Yu.I., Kipyatkov V.E. 2007. Expression of stress proteins of family HSP70 in response to cold in Myrmica ants from different geographic populations. Tsitologiya. 49 (8): 702-706.

Sokolova Y.Y., Mironov A.A. 2007. Structure and function of the Golgi organelle in parasitic protists. The Golgi Apparatus. State of the art 110 years after Camillo Golgi's discovery. (A. Mironov, M. Pavelka, eds). Wien, New York: Springer-Verlag. P. 647-674.

Smirnov A.V., Nassonova E.S., Chao E., Cavalier-Smith T. 2007. Phylogeny, evolution, and taxonomy of Vannellid amoebae. Protist. 158: 295-324.

Skovorodkin I., Pimenov A., Raykhel I., Schimanski B., Ammermann D., Gunzl A. 2007. α-Tubulin minichromosome promoters in the stichotrichous ciliate Stylonychia lemnae. Eukaryotic Cell. 6: 28-36.

Karajan B.P., Vishnyakov A.E., Tavrovskaya M.V., Vasyanin S.I. 2007. Infection of algae-free Climacostomum virens with symbiotic Chlorella sp. isolated from algae-containing C. virens. European Journal of Protistology. 43: 141-146.

Beznoussenko G.V., Dolgikh V.V., Seliverstova E.V., Semenov P.B., Tokarev Y.S., Trucco A., Micaroni M, Giandomenico D.D., Auinger P., Senderskiy I.V., Skarlato S.O., Snigirevskaya E.S., Komissarchik Y.Y., Pavelka M., De Matteis M.A., Luini A., Sokolova Y.Y., Mironov A.A. 2007. Analogs of the Golgi complex in microsporidia: structure and avesicular mechanisms of function. Journal of Cell Science. 120: 1288-1298.

Anatskaya O.V., Sidorenko N.V., Vinogradov A.E., Beyer T.V. 2007. Impact of neonatal cryptosporidial gastroenteritis on epigenetic programming of rat hepatocytes. Cell Biology International. 31 (4): 420-427.

Yudin A.L., Uspenskaya Z.I. 2006. The effect of cultivation temperature on differentiation for mating type in exconjugant clones of the ciliate Dileptus anser. Protistology. 4 (4): 347-352.

Sokolova Y.Y., Lange C.E., Fuxa J.R. 2006. Development, ultrastructure, natural occurrence, and molecular characterization of Liebermannia patagonica n. g., n. sp., a microsporidian parasite of the grasshopper Tristira magellanica (Orthoptera: Tristiridae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 91: 168-182.

Snigirevskaya E.S., Sokolova Yu.Ya., Komissarchik Ya.Yu. 2006. Structural-functional organization of Golgi apparatus. Tsitologiya. 48 (4): 283-307.

Yudin A.L., Uspenskaya Z.I. 2006. Mating types in the ciliate Dileptus anser. Inheritance and genetic determination. Tsitologiya. 48 (4): 364-374.

Sopina V.A. 2006. Substrate specifity in Amoeba proteus. Tsitologiya. 48 (7): 610-616.

Podlipaeva Yu.I., Shmakova L.A., Gilichinski D.A., Goodkov A.V. 2006. Heat shock protein of HSP70 family revealed in some contemporary freshwater amoebae and in Acanthamoeba sp. excysted from cysts isolated from permafrost samples. Tsitologiya. 48 (8): 691-694.

Plekhanov A.Yu., Smurov A.O., Podlipaeva Yu.I., Ivanova L.O., Goodkov A.V. 2006. Heat shock proteins of freshwater protists and their involvement in adaptation to changes in the environmental salinity. Tsitologiya. 48 (6): 530-534.

Pimenov A.Yu., Raikhel I.B., Skovorodkin I.N., Podlipaeva Yu.I., Ammermann D., Skarlato S.O. 2006. Stylonychia lemnae as a model organism for studies of macronuclear minichromosomes of the ciliates. Tsitologiya. 48 (8): 619-635.

Malysheva M.N., Frolov A.O., Skarlato S.O. 2006. Development of cyst-like cells of the flagellate Leptomonas oncopelti in the midgut of the hemipteran Oncopeltus fasciatus. Tsitologiya. 48 (9): 723-733.

Sokolova Y.Y., Kryukova N.A., Glupov V.V., Fuxa J.R. 2006. Systenostrema alba Larsson 1988 (Microsporidia, Thelohaniidae) in the dragonfly Aeshna viridis (Odonata, Aeshnidae) from South Siberia: Morphology and molecular characterization. The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 53: 49-57.

Leonova O.G., Karajan B.P., Ivlev Y.F., Ivanova J.L., Popenko V.I. 2006. Nucleolar apparatus in the macronucleus of Didinium nasutum (Ciliata): EM and 3D reconstruction. Protist. 157: 391-400.

Frolov A.O., Goodkov A.V., Chystjakova L.V., Skarlato S.O. 2006. Structure and development of Pelomyxa gruberi sp. n. (Peloflagellatea, Pelobiontida). Protistology. 4 (3): 227-244.

Franzen C., Nassonova E.S., Scholmerich J., Issi I.V. 2006. Transfer of the members of the genus Brachiola (Microsporidia) to the genus Anncaliia based on ultrastructural and molecular data. The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 53: 1-10.

Frolov A.O., Chystjakova L.V., Goodkov A.V. 2005. Light- and electron-microscopic study of Pelomyxa binucleata (Gruber, 1884) (Peloflagellatea, Pelobiontida). Protistology. 4 (1): 57-73.

Fuxa J.R., Milks M.L., Sokolova Y.Y., Richter A.R. 2005. Interaction of an entomopathogen with an insect social form: an epizootic of Thelohania solenopsae (Microsporidia) in a population of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 88: 79-82.

Fuxa J.R., Sokolova Y.Y., Milks M.L., Richter A.R., Williams D.F., Oi D.H. 2005. Prevalence, spread, and effects of microsporidium Thelohania solenopsae released into populations with different social forms of the red imported fire ant (Hymrnoptera: Formicidae). Environmental Entomology. 34: 1139-1149.

Nassonova E., Cornillot E., Metenier G., Agafonova N., Kudryavtsev B., Skarlato S., Vivares P. 2005. Chromosomal composition of the genome in the monomorphic diplokaryotic microsporidium Paranosema grylli: analysis by two-dimensional pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Folia Parasitologica. 52: 145-157.

Nassonova E.S., Smirnov A.V. 2005. Synaptonemal complexes as evidence for meiosis in the life cycle of the monomorphic diplokaryotic microsporidium Paranosema grylli. European Journal of Protistology. 41: 175-181.

Smirnov A., Nassonova E., Berney C., Fahrni J., Bolivar I., Pawlowski J. 2005. Molecular phylogeny and classification of the lobose amoebae. Protist. 156: 129-142.

Sokolova Y.Y., Fuxa J.R., Borkchsenious O.N. 2005. The nature of Thelohania solenopsae cysts in abdomens of red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 90: 24-31.

Sokolova Y.Y., Issi I.V., Morzhina E.V., Tokarev Y.S., Vossbrinck C.R. 2005. Ultrastructural analysis supports transferring Nosema whitei Weiser 1953 to the genus Paranosema and creation a new combination, Paranosema whitei. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 90: 122-126.

Shatilovich A.V., Shmakova L.A., Gubin S.V., Goodkov A.V., Gilichinsky D.A. 2005. Viable protozoa in late Pleistocene and Holocene permafrost sediments. Doklady Biological Sciences. 401: 136-138.

Frolov A.O., Chystjakova L.V., Goodkov A.V. 2004. A new pelobiont protist Pelomyxa corona sp. n. (Peloflagellatea, Pelobiontida). Protistology. 4: 233-241.

Sokolova Y.Y., Dolgikh V.V., Morzhina E.V., Nassonova E.S., Issi I.V., Terry R.S., Ironside J.E., Smith J.E., Vossbrinck C.R. 2003. Establishment of the new genus Paranosema based on the ultrastructure and molecular phylogeny of the type species Paranosema grylli gen. nov., comb. nov. (Sokolova, Selezniov, Dolgikh, Issi 1994), from the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus Deg. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 84: 159-172.

Sokolova Y.Y., McNally L.A., Fuxa J.R., Vinson B.S. 2004. Spore morphotypes of Thelohania solenopsae (Microsporidia) described microscopically and confirmed by PCR of individual spores microdissected from smears by position ablative laser microbeam microscopy. Microbiology. 150: 1261-1270.

Sokolova Y.Y., Sokolov I.M., Fuxa J.R. 2004. Identification of Microsporidia infections in nature: Light microscopy or PCR? Protistology. 3: 273-281.

Fahrni J.F., Bolivar I., Berney C., Nassonova E.S., Smirnov A.V., Pawlowski J. 2003. Phylogeny of lobose amoebae based on actin and small-subunit ribosomal RNA genes. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 20 (11): 1881-1886.

Karajan B.P., Popenko V.I., Leonova O.G. 2003. Fine structure of nucleoli of the ciliate Didinium nasutum. Protistology. 3 (2): 87-94.

Podlipaeva Y.I. 2003. Thermoresistance and electrophoretic spectrum of glucose-6-dehydrogenase in Amoeba proteus after thermal acclimation. Protistology. 3 (1): 42-46.

Smirnov A.V., Nassonova E.S., Holzmann M., Pawlowski J. 2002. Morphological, ecological and molecular studies of Vannella simplex Wohlfarth-Bottermann 1960 (Lobosea, Gymnamoebia), with a new diagnosis of this species. Protist. 153 (4): 367-377.

Djomin S.Yu., Skarlato S.O., Prodeus T.V. 2001. Chromosome-like bodies of Entamoeba histolytica. Tsitologiya. 43 (11): 1080-1087.

Beyer T.V., Skarlato S.O. 1999. Professor Dr. Igor Borissovich Raikov (1932-1998). Acta Protozoologica. 38: 1-3.

Frolov A.O., Skarlato S.O. 1998. Unusual pattern of mitosis in the free-living flagellate Dimastigella mimosa (Kinetoplastida). Protoplasma. 201: 101-109.

Skarlato S.O., Lom J.1997. Mitosis in the flagellate Trypanoplasma borreli (Kinetoplastidea: Bodonida). European Journal of Protistologyl. 33: 77-86.

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